The complete palm oil production process of a large palm oil factory: The raw materials are transported to the fermentation tank for fermentation treatment. After fermentation, the ripe fruit clusters enter the fruit removal machine to take out the fruit particles. The fruit particles enter the pressing station for crushing and pressing to obtain oil. The pressing liquid is transported to the storage tank for temporary storage through the oil clarification section. The pressed cake is separated by fibers and the kernels are recovered to obtain palm kernels.
Palm oil is a commonly used edible oil in Nigeria, Malaysia, Indonesia, Liberia, and Congo, making palm oil production equipment extremely popular locally. Our company is a specialized manufacturer of palm oil equipment. We can not only produce palm oil production equipment, but also palm kernel oil production equipment. Our complete set of palm kernel oil production equipment mainly includes: palm kernel oil pressing production line, palm kernel oil refining production line, and palm kernel oil extraction production line.
Palm kernel oil press production line workflow
(1) Palm kernel cleaning: Palm kernel cleaning equipment is mainly used to remove impurities such as iron wire, stones, fibers, etc. from palm kernels. These impurities can easily damage machines, especially palm kernel oil presses;
(2) Palm kernel crushing equipment: Palm kernels generally need to be crushed twice, once because the palm kernel is relatively large and hard, in order to improve oil yield, it needs to be crushed first. Secondary crushing: mainly crushing palm kernels into small pieces for easier oil extraction.
(3) Palm kernel shell separation equipment: Both wet and dry separation methods are available. The choice of separation method mainly depends on the processing capacity of palm kernels, the cleanliness of the separation, and the customer’s financial situation;
(4) Palm kernel drying equipment: Fresh palm kernels contain 20% moisture, and in order to store palm kernels, the moisture content must be reduced to below 7%;
(5) Palm kernel steaming and frying equipment: mainly through heating and steaming and frying, the palm kernel can reach good oil yield conditions, so that more high-quality palm kernel oil can be obtained;
(6) Palm kernel oil extraction equipment: The palm kernel oil extraction machine is the same as the conventional oil extraction machine and can be used interchangeably. Through pressing, we can obtain crude palm kernel oil.
(7) Palm kernel oil filtration equipment: Crude palm kernel oil contains many impurities, and palm kernel oil filtration equipment can enable us to obtain high-quality palm kernel oil.
Workflow of Palm Kernel Oil Refining Equipment
The refining process of palm kernel oil is the same as that of other oil crops, mainly divided into four steps: degumming, deacidification, decolorization, and deodorization. Under normal circumstances, refining equipment can be divided into intermittent refining equipment, semi continuous refining equipment, and fully continuous refining equipment according to different processing capacities and customer requirements.
In general, if the processing capacity is less than or equal to 20 tons/day, we recommend that you perform intermittent refining; 20 tons/day<=processing capacity<=50 tons/day, we suggest you do semi continuous refining; If the processing capacity is>=50 tons/day, we recommend that you use fully continuous refining equipment.
Introduction of palm oil pressing production line
Pretreatment is necessary for efficient oil extraction from raw palm kernel. In palm kernel oil industrial production, oil raw materials are usually palm kernel or pressed cake. If the material is palm kernel, the main pretreating steps are palm nut cleaning, shelling and separation, crushing, flaking and steamed frying. If your raw material is a press cake from palm oil press workshop, you need to do this: The material cake should be cracked by a screw conveyor and conveyed into a fiber separator drum for fiber separation. After these simple treatment, you can get cleaner palm kernel,
1.Receiving section of palm fruits bunches
Loading ramp：as palm fruit unloading, cleaning, storage platforms, all hydraulic segmented discharge.
2.Sterilization Section
Palm fresh fruit bunches are transported to the sterilization tank using a scraper conveyor and a fruit cage to perform high temperature sterilization .(145 ℃ ,90-120 minutes) .so as to effectively control the free fatty acid content in the raw materials, and provide basic conditions for subsequent processing.
Sterilization tank model
1.Horizontal 2. Vertical
Customers can choose the type of sterilization according to their actual situation.
3.Threshing section
Fresh palm fruit bunches are sterilized and transported to the thresher drum, which can separate the fruit particles from the bunches by rotating and beating.
Mainly have the following characteristics:
- Coaxial design; Adopt double-row self-aligning bearings to ensure coaxiality, strong stability, low failure rate and easy maintenance.
- Adopt gradual start-up; The spindle has a large torque at start-up, which will cause great harm to the equipment and transmission equipment. We use the hydraulic coupler to gradually start at the motor end, and use the V-type belt connection motor reducer. Ensure the stability of the startup phase.
4.Ripe Fruit pressing section
The main equipment of the pressing station is digester and press machine:
- The palm digester machine is mainly used for breaking the fruit and heating the fruit before the whole fruit enters the presser;
The main models are: 2000L, 3000L, 3500L, 4500L.
- Double screw press is double screw extrusion of the broken fruit, and equipped with a hydraulic system as an aid to ensure that the residual oil in the cake is reduced and the integrity of the palm kernel.
The main models are: 5t (FFB) / h, 10t (FFB) / h, 15t (FFB) / h, 20t (FFB) / h
5.Crude oil filtration section
- Initial filtration of the hard and fibre impurities in the pressed crude palm oil;
- Double filter, upper filter 20 mesh , lower filter 40 mesh
- The filtered crude oil enters the crude oil tank, and the hard and impurities are recovered and repressed.
6.Clarification station
The main role of the Clarification oil section is to remove stearine and water from the oil by means of settling, centrifugation, vacuum drying and the like at an appropriate temperature.
The main equipment is as follows:
- palm crude oil shaker;(removal of impurities and hard )
- Vertical Clarification oil tank;(separation of dirty oil and clean oil)
- Disc centrifuges;(separation of water in clean oil)
- Vacuum drying system;(removal of residual moisture in clear oil)
- Sand cyclone ;(remove the sand in the oil)
- Three-phase decanter centrifuge(separation of oil,water,slag from dirty oil)
- Crude Palm oil storage tanks.(palm oil storage)
7.The storage of crude palm oil and transport
1.Palm oil crude oil heating storage
2.Crude palm oil transport
8.Empty fruit bunches processing section
The residual oil is recycled, and the shredded empty fruit string is used as a fertilizer or fuel for the boiler.
9 fibre separation section
Through floating dry processing the fruit core and fibres separated. fibre and other lighter stuff was blown out.Separating the fibres in the pressed cake to obtain a pure core.
10.Nut and Kernel Recycling section
The kernel and the shell are separated by wind filtration and water washing according to the specific gravity of the shell and the kernel. After the separated kernels are dried, the water is reduced to about 6-8% for storage. The separated palm shell is transported to the boiler as fuel.The kernels in the core are recovered and stored.
11.Steam Boilers
- Has a strong output, high thermal efficiency, stable and reliable operation, overload capacity, fuel, wide applicability, environmental protection and many other advantages.
- It Provides power and thermal sources for the production process.
12.Power House
The use of diesel powered generators and turbine generators, more environmentally friendly energy production and electricity consumption to power.
13.Raw water treatment system
After settling, filtration, dosing and other processes to ensure that the water quality, but also to ensure oil quality.
- Storage and settlement treatment of factory water
- Filtration of factory water
14.Boiler water treatment system
- Select the water treatment system according to the water quality, generally divided into softening system and permeation reverse osmosis (RO system)
- Remove Mg ion and K ion in water, adjust PH value of water, improve steam quality, extend boiler life
15.Effluent Treatment
Recycling oil from sludge oil can reduce oil loss and reduce pollution to the water environment.
16.Factory power control system
1.Diesel generators and steam turbine generators need to be switched. Each section is operated as a unit, which makes it easier to operate the entire plant and ensures the coordination of the entire plant. The key equipment adopts PLC control to ensure the operating efficiency of the equipment.
Palm Kernel Press Production Line
1.Palm Kernel Drying Section
It needs to be concentrated and dried (6-8% moisture), which is more conducive to the pressing of subsequent processes.
2.Palm kernel press section
The dried palm kernel (moisture 6%) passed through the elevator and screw conveyor to the first palm kernel press, and the palm kernel cake was pressed for the second time. The pressed palm kernel oil was filtered through a leaf filter and vacuum dried to remove water and stored in a palm kernel oil (CPKO) tank.
3. Palm kernel oil clarification section
After the palm kernels pass the palm kernel press machine, the temperature of the kernel cake rises under high pressure, and the kernel cake is in the form of tiny particles. In the palm kernel oil, some kernel cake particles enter the palm kernel oil through the filter. After settling in the sedimentation tank, the settled oil residue will settle to the bottom. The residue will be recovered by the slag removal machine and then pressed again to achieve the recovery effect. The palm kernel oil is recovered at the upper part.
4.Palm kernel oil filtration section
After the natural settlement treatment of palm kernel oil, there are still fine-grained pure .then use leaf filters 2sets to ensure continuous production. The blade filter is equipped with special pump valves and air compressor to ensure automatic slagging.
5. Palm kernel cake extraction section
Palm kernel pressing one kind of is a two-time pressing. Another is pressing the palm kernels for the first time. After the embryos of the pressed cakes are processed and the embryos are cut into the extractor, residual oil is precipitated under the effect of the food-grade solvent extraction. Using the leaching method, the residual oil in the cake can be reduced to 0.5% and the oil extraction efficiency can be improved.
6.Palm Kernel Oil and cake storage warehouse
The sediment-filtered palm kernel oil still contains a small amount of water, and the water in the palm kernel oil is removed by a vacuum drying system, and the pure palm oil is pumped to the palm kernel oil storage tank for storage and transportation.
The palm kernels after secondary pressing are in powder form and need to be collected and transported to the cake warehouse for storage.
Palm Oil Refining and Fractionation Process
The refining workshop consists of degumming, deacidification, dehydration section, decolorization section, acid deodorization section, and fractionation section.
1. Alkali Refining Section
Crude palm oil in tank is sent to the workshop by the pump. After passing through the flowmeter, it is passed through a oil filter to filter out large mechanical impurities in the crude palm oil. The filtered oil enters the refining pot, and phosphoric acid is added to remove the oil. Palladium and colloidal impurities, add light alkali solution, remove the few fatty acids to produce soap, help adsorption washing, after two or three times water washing, remove the residual soap in the oil, enter the decolorization section for drying.
2. Decolorization Section
The degummed oil is heated to 105-115°C, and the decolorization pot with a vacuum degree greater than 720mmHg is used. The decolorization pot adopts an all-closed structure. All automatic welding techniques are adopted. The moisture in the oil is removed by vacuum drying, and activated clay is added to fully mix the oil and clay. Decoloration about 30 minutes, the special decolorization oil pump to the oil into the vibration filter, through the filter, white clay automatically discharged, decolorized oil into the bag filter last filter into the decolorizing oil tank temporary storage.
3.Deodorization Section
The decolorizing oil is deodorized by the pump and the deodorizer. Under the action of direct steam, after 3 to 4.0 hours of steam stripping and distillation, the FFA and odor components in the oil are evaporated. After the product oil is pumped out by the canned pump, it is heat-exchanged with the deodorized oil and then polished and filtered, and then it is cooled to below 50°C to enter the refined oil temporary storage tank. Before the oil enters the polishing filter, an appropriate amount of antioxidant is added to increase the antioxidant capacity of the oil and extend the shelf life.
4.Crystallization Section
After oil-oil heat exchange, chilled water cooling, the oil is cooled to within 25°C into the crystal tank. The crystallizer tank is equipped with a high level alarm and interlocking. After the oil is filled, the cooling and crystallization process begins. This process is controlled by the computer through preset freezing parameters. The computer controls the circulating water in the freezing coils in the crystallizing tank. The temperature controls the cooling rate of the oil so as to achieve the best crystallization effect
5.Filter Section
Adopting advanced diaphragm filter system, the main difference between the diaphragm filter press and the common chamber filter press is the addition of a semi-automatic diaphragm filter press between the filter plate and the filter cloth – composite rubber plate elastic diaphragm membrane plate . During the operation, when the feeding is completed, the high-pressure fluid medium can be injected between the filter plate and the diaphragm. At this time, the entire diaphragm will bulge and press the filter cake, so as to achieve further dewatering of the filter cake, that is, pressing and filtering.
6.Display of finished product
Comparison and display of palm oil refining and fractionation products
According to different production capacity and customers’ different requirements on the products, our company can make rational choice and combination of palm kernel oil production processes, choose the best technological process, as well as sophisticated equipment manufacture and automatic control system to provide customers with perfect technical services. For example, either single machine or production line are both for sale. Our palm kernel oil production line’s capacity is 10-100 tons per day and its residual oil rate is 5%, and we provide you with palm kernel oil production and refining process design, manufacture, installation, commissioning and after-sales service if it is needed