Circuit board recycling equipment, also known as waste circuit board recycling equipment, is mainly to disassemble and recycle waste electrical appliances, waste computers and other types of waste electronic products with circuit boards. The metal is extracted to achieve a process of metal recycling. Another circuit board recycling method is to melt the circuit board, there are many kinds of waste circuit board recycling equipment on the market, please be sure to buy environmentally friendly circuit board recycling equipment to reduce environmental pollution. Circuit board recycling equipment is also one of the environmental protection equipment.
Waste Circuit Board Pyrolysis Plant
Technological process Waste Circuit Board Pyrolysis Plant
The waste circuit board cracking equipment adopts low-temperature thermal cracking technology, which will heat the waste circuit board in a high-temperature anoxic or anaerobic environment, and the chemical bonds in the polymer organic polymer such as epoxy resin and phenolic resin begin to break and transform into low-chain hydrocarbon substances, thus obtaining solid residue, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas products. The high calorific value of pyrolysis oil can be used as fuel, or as chemical raw materials after subsequent treatment, and the metal parts, inorganic substances and other solid products in the residue can be further separated and purified to achieve high value utilization of products.
Pyrolysis is a special case of thermolysis, and is most commonly used for organic materials, being, therefore, one of the processes involved in charring. In general, pyrolysis of organic substances produces gas and liquid products and leaves a solid residue richer in carbon content. Extreme pyrolysis, which leaves mostly carbon as the residue, is called carbonization. The process is used heavily in the chemical industry, for example, to produce charcoal, activated carbon, methanol, and other chemicals from wood, to convert ethylene dichloride into vinyl chloride to make PVC, to produce coke from coal, to convert biomass into syngas, to turn waste into safely disposable substances, and for transforming medium-weight hydrocarbons from oil into lighter ones like gasoline. These specialized uses of pyrolysis may be called various names, such as dry distillation, destructive distillation, or cracking.
Application field of waste circuit board pyrolysis equipment
- Can deal with raw materials: all kinds of waste circuit boards, copper clad boards, circuit boards, computer motherboards, TV boards, printed circuit boards, all kinds of waste electrical motherboards and processing waste materials.
- Final products and application:
The products of waste circuit board cracking reaction are mainly composed of the following three parts: the liquid mixture of organic matter such as tar, methanol and bromohydrocarbon (pyrolysis oil); Hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and other flammable gases (pyrolysis gas); Solid residues such as coke, glass fibres and metals (pyrolytic residues).
Pyrolytic oil (22-28%) : high calorific value, can be used as industrial fuel for boiler heating, iron and steel plants, cement plants, ceramics factories, brick factories, etc., or after subsequent distillation and purification into non-standard diesel as chemical raw materials.
Pyrolysis gas (4-6%) : It can be purified and returned to the cracking furnace as heating fuel to achieve fuel self-sufficiency.
Pyrolytic residue (60-68%) : mixed metals such as tin, lead, aluminum and magnesium in pyrolytic residue can be purified as metallurgical raw materials or sold directly through further screening and sorting processes; Coke can be directly pressed instead of briquettes for industrial combustion, high calorific value.
Process flow of waste circuit board pyrolysis plant
- Pretreatment: The waste circuit board is broken and screened to remove impurities and non-circuit board parts.
- Pyrolysis: The pre-treated waste circuit board is heated in the cracking furnace. When it is heated to 300-600℃, the organic matter in the waste circuit board will be decomposed into flammable gases and liquids, and the metal will be reduced to metal elements.
- Gas purification: The combustible gas produced by cracking needs to be desulfurized and purified to remove impurities and harmful substances in order to ensure that the discharged gas meets the environmental requirements.
- Metal recovery: The metal elements produced by cracking need to go through further screening, sorting and other recovery processing to obtain high purity metal.
- Waste slag treatment: When the temperature of the cracking furnace drops to about 50℃, open the slag discharge port, turn the cracking furnace, and properly dispose of the residual slag after discharge
There are two ways to recycle waste circuit boards:
1, pyrolysis recovery treatment: waste circuit board after crushing treatment directly pyrolysis, after the temperature rises to a certain extent, the waste circuit board in the organic pyrolysis into pyrolysis oil, metal and other impurities are left in the pyrolysis residue, can be further separated;
2, physical separation treatment: The use of waste circuit board crushing and sorting equipment, using dry physical separation method, through shredding, crushing, screening, double sorting, dust removal and other processing steps to achieve the separation of mixed metal and resin fibers.
Waste solar panel treatment plant
Waste solar panel treatment plant
Products obtained from pyrolysis of solar panels
he pyrolysis products of solar panels mainly include organic matter, inorganic matter, and rare metals. Through advanced pyrolysis technology, these materials can be effectively separated and recovered. Organic matter can be transformed into fuel or chemical raw materials through pyrolysis treatment, achieving energy reuse. Materials such as silicon and glass in inorganic materials, after purification and treatment, can be used to manufacture new solar panels or other related products, continuing their application value.
In addition, solar panels also contain some rare metal elements, such as silver and copper. Although these metals are not used in large quantities in the production process of solar panels, their value is very high. Through pyrolysis technology, these rare metals can be effectively recycled and utilized, not only avoiding resource waste but also reducing potential environmental hazards.
The necessity of solar panel recycling and processing
- Resource protection: Solar panels are made from rare metals and other limited resources. Recycling and processing waste solar panels can effectively recover these resources, reduce the exploitation and consumption of natural resources, and contribute to the sustainable utilization of resources.
- Environmental protection: Waste solar panels may contain harmful substances such as lead, cadmium, and other heavy metals. If these waste solar panels are discarded or mishandled, they may cause pollution to the soil and groundwater, posing a threat to the ecological environment and human health. Recycling and processing waste solar panels can safely dispose of these harmful substances and reduce their negative impact on the environment.
- Energy utilization: Waste solar panels still contain reusable solar cells. By recycling these battery cells, the energy inside can be reused, reducing the manufacturing cost of batteries and their dependence on natural energy.
- Economic benefits: The solar panel industry is increasingly developing, and the recycling and treatment of waste solar panels has become a potential economic industry. Recycling waste solar panels can create job opportunities and promote economic development.
Process principle of processing equipment
Its pyrolysis process does not require fine treatment of impurities such as sediment, water, copper wire, etc. in the raw materials. It can directly load the waste solar panels containing organic waste after physical and mechanical treatment into the thermal pyrolysis processor. A small amount of glass, silicon and other substances can be separated from EV glue. EV glue can distill a mixture of oil and steam, which is condensed into fuel oil through a multi-stage separator and a cooling system. The solid substances are retained in the pyrolysis furnace. The exhaust gas smoke and dust from the carbonization pyrolysis processor are treated by the atomization smoke and dust device and discharged to meet the standard; A portion of low-carbon non condensable gas enters the combustible gas recovery system through water sealing and is used as fuel for combustion in the pyrolysis furnace. After carbonization, the solid material is cooled out of the furnace and then subjected to physical and mechanical screening to obtain metal materials such as silicon, copper, silver, and glass.
The following is a brief description of the purpose of each material
- Glass Usage :
-Architectural field: windows, doors, curtain walls, partitions, etc.
-Household items: tableware, vases, lighting fixtures, etc.
-Transportation: Front windshields and side windows of cars, trains, airplanes, etc.
-Optical instruments: lenses for microscopes, telescopes, glasses, etc.
-Laboratory equipment: test tubes, beakers, measuring cylinders, etc.
-Artworks and decorations: stained glass windows, glass sculptures, etc.
- Silver Usage :
-Currency and investment: historically used as currency, now used as precious metal investment products.
-Jewelry and Jewelry: Making various types of jewelry, such as rings, necklaces, earrings, etc.
-Electronic industry: used for manufacturing conductive materials, contacts, switches, etc.
-Photography: Used in traditional photography to manufacture photosensitive materials.
-Medicine: used for manufacturing medical devices, dental alloys, etc.
-Disinfection and water purification: Silver ions have antibacterial and disinfection effects and can be used for water purifiers, etc.
- Recycling copper wire usage :
-Electrical and Electronics Industry: Reused for manufacturing wires, cables, motors, transformers, etc.
-In the field of architecture: used for pipelines, roofs, decorations, etc.
-Crafts and artworks: Produce various copper crafts and sculptures.
-Transportation: Used for manufacturing components such as cars, trains, and airplanes.
- Recycling of silicon wafers Usage:
-Semiconductor industry: Used for manufacturing integrated circuits, chips, etc. after reprocessing.
-Solar cells: used to manufacture solar panels.
-Optics and sensors: used for manufacturing optical components and sensors.
-Research and experimentation: Used for various research experiments and testing.
Recycling these materials not only helps to reduce environmental pollution, but also saves resources, reduces production costs, and achieves sustainable development.